EVERY HOME DECISION · WITH THE MATH SHOWN

The real numbers on property.

Buy, sell, rent, invest, flip, or remodel — every money decision with the math and primary sources. Formulas cited to HUD, CFPB, IRS, and Freddie Mac.

Estimate closing costs →
Most people start here
Updated May 14, 2026 · HUD · CFPB · IRS Pub 523
  • Closing Costs Calculator

    Most popular

    Estimate buyer or seller closing costs by state, loan type, and purchase price.

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  • Home Sale Proceeds Calculator

    Editor's pick

    Net proceeds after agent commission, closing costs, and mortgage payoff.

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  • Rent Affordability Calculator

    How much rent can you afford? 30% rule or your custom income ratio.

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  • Cap Rate Calculator

    Most popular

    NOI ÷ property value — the standard investment property comparison metric.

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  • Buying & Closing
  • Selling
  • Renting
  • Investor & Rental
  • Flipping & Rehab
  • Taxes, Fees & Moving

Real estate is a series of spreads: purchase price vs appraisal, sale price vs net proceeds, market rent vs actual occupancy, cap rate vs cost of capital. Every calculator here uses the same primary sources the pros use — Freddie Mac Primary Mortgage Market Survey for rates, HUD Fair Market Rents for rental benchmarks, IRS Publication 523 for capital gains on home sale, CFPB Regulation Z for mortgage disclosures. We don't guess — we cite.

Buying & Closing

9

From offer to keys. Closing costs run 2-5% of purchase price; LTV drives PMI; FHA and VA loans change the down-payment math entirely.

  • Closing Costs Calculator

    Most popular

    Estimate buyer or seller closing costs by state, loan type, and purchase price.

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  • Mortgage Points Calculator

    Break-even analysis on discount points to lower your interest rate.

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  • Loan-to-Value (LTV) Calculator

    LTV ratio for your mortgage and whether you are above the PMI threshold.

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  • Home Equity Calculator

    Current equity based on market value, original price, and remaining balance.

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  • FHA Loan Calculator

    Monthly FHA payment with MIP, 3.5% down, and when MIP drops off.

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  • VA Loan Calculator

    VA payment with funding fee, zero down, no PMI for veterans.

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  • Interest-Only Mortgage

    IO payment vs amortizing and how much principal you are NOT paying down.

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  • Title Insurance Calculator

    Owner and lender title insurance cost by state and purchase price.

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  • Land Transfer Tax

    State and municipal transfer tax (stamp duty) on property purchase.

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Selling

6

Net proceeds, not sale price. Agent commission (~5-6%), closing costs, capital gains ($250k/$500k IRS Pub 523 exclusion), and mortgage payoff all come out first.

  • Home Sale Proceeds Calculator

    Editor's pick

    Net proceeds after agent commission, closing costs, and mortgage payoff.

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  • Agent Commission Calculator

    Buyer + seller agent fees by sale price or model flat-fee/FSBO.

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  • Home Capital Gains Calculator

    Tax owed after the $250k/$500k primary residence exclusion (IRS Pub 523).

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  • 1031 Exchange Calculator

    Tax deferral on property sale — boot, equity rollover, and timeline.

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  • 1031 vs Pay Taxes Now

    Compare a 1031 like-kind exchange vs. paying capital gains now.

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  • Appraisal Calculator

    Home appraisal estimate using comparable sales and price-per-sqft.

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Renting

5

Affordability rules (30% of gross income), state-level rent-control caps, lease-break penalties — plus Section 8 HUD fair-market rent tables.

  • Rent Affordability Calculator

    How much rent can you afford? 30% rule or your custom income ratio.

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  • Rent Increase Calculator

    Landlord + tenant view on annual hikes with inflation and rent-control caps.

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  • Rent Split Calculator

    Fair split between roommates by room size, amenities, and income.

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  • Lease Break Calculator

    True cost of breaking a lease early — fees, reletting, lost deposit.

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  • Section 8 Rent Calculator

    HUD fair market rent by bedroom count and county for Section 8 landlords.

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Investor & Rental

12

Cap rate, cash-on-cash, DSCR, GRM — the standard metrics every buy-hold investor uses. Plus STR/Airbnb math and commercial NOI.

  • Cap Rate Calculator

    Most popular

    NOI ÷ property value — the standard investment property comparison metric.

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  • Cash-on-Cash Return

    Annual pre-tax cash flow as a % of cash invested — the real return.

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  • Rental Yield Calculator

    Gross and net rental yield by purchase price, rent, and operating expenses.

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  • BRRRR Calculator

    Buy, Rehab, Rent, Refinance, Repeat — full deal analysis with ARV + cash-out refi.

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  • DSCR Calculator

    Debt service coverage ratio — qualify your rental for a DSCR loan.

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  • Gross Rent Multiplier

    Property value ÷ annual gross rent — quick filter for investment properties.

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  • Landlord Calculator

    Net income after mortgage, taxes, insurance, vacancy, and maintenance.

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  • Vacancy Rate Calculator

    Annual vacancy cost and its impact on NOI and cap rate.

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  • Commercial Property Calculator

    NOI, cap rate, and value for office, retail, and industrial properties.

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  • Short-Term Rental Calculator

    Airbnb/VRBO profit after platform fees, cleaning, and occupancy.

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  • Airbnb Revenue Calculator

    Estimate Airbnb income by location, occupancy, and nightly price.

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  • Property Management Fee

    Monthly and annual property management fees — rental ROI impact.

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Flipping & Rehab

7

Purchase + rehab + carrying cost + sale. ROI drops fast when holding periods extend or rehab budgets slip.

  • House Flip Calculator

    Profit, ROI, and break-even on a flip — purchase, rehab, carrying, sale.

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  • House Hacking ROI

    Live in one unit, rent the rest — net housing cost and CoC return.

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  • ADU ROI Calculator

    Return on building an accessory dwelling unit — rental or Airbnb.

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  • Renovation ROI Calculator

    Return on home improvements — which projects add the most value.

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  • Remodeling Cost Calculator

    Cost estimates for common renovations by sqft, finish level, region.

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  • Kitchen Remodel Calculator

    Budget, mid-range, and high-end kitchen remodel ranges.

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  • Bathroom Remodel Calculator

    Full or partial bathroom remodel with ROI at resale.

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Taxes, Fees & Moving

5

Property tax varies 0.3% (Hawaii) to 2.5% (New Jersey) of assessed value. HOA fees, home warranty, moving — the ongoing costs of ownership.

  • Property Tax by State

    Annual property tax by state effective rate and assessed value.

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  • Property Tax Estimator

    Annual property tax bill, monthly escrow, homestead exemption savings.

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  • HOA Fee Calculator

    Total cost of HOA fees over time — impact on mortgage affordability.

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  • Home Warranty Calculator

    Annual home warranty cost vs out-of-pocket repair risk.

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  • Moving Cost Calculator

    Total moving costs by distance, home size, and whether you hire movers.

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Related money decisions
  • Live: 30-year mortgage rate

    Current Freddie Mac weekly benchmark

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  • Live: 10-year Treasury yield

    Daily leading indicator for mortgage rates

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  • All Mortgage Calculators

    Payment, refinance, payoff, jumbo, ARM

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  • Home Improvement Cost Guides

    Roof, kitchen, bathroom, solar — detailed budgets

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  • All 30 Home Cost Guides

    HVAC, flooring, fencing, decks, and more

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  • Tax Calculators

    Capital gains, 1031, property tax

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Written and maintained by Jere Salmisto, Founder, CalcFi. Updated May 14, 2026.

Formulas cited to Freddie Mac PMMS, HUD Fair Market Rents, IRS Publication 523 (capital gains on home sale), CFPB mortgage guidance, and state revenue departments. Methodology at /about/editorial. Published by CalcFi Editorial.